|
List of Rulers
| Great
Khans of the Mongol Empire (1206-1294) |
|
| 1206-1227 |
Chingis / Genghis Khan |
| 1229-1241 |
Ogedei Khan (Khakhan) - Son of Chingis |
| 1246-1248 |
Guyuk Khan (Khakhan) - Son of Ogedei |
| 1251-1259 |
Mongke / Mengku Khan (Khakhan) -
Cousin of Ogedei
After
the death of Mongke, in 1260, two Khakhans were elected
by rivaling Khuriltais (assemblies): Ariq-Boke
(brother of Kubiliai), who ruled from Karakorum, and Kubilai,
who ruled from China. Kubilai defeated Ariq-Boke in 1264
to secure sole leadership. |
| 1264-1294 |
Kubilai Khan (Khakhan) - Brother
of Kubilai
No
ruler was elected after Kubilai |
Khakhan
("Khan of Khans"): Title used by Khans of the
greatest steppe Empires, including the Mongol Empire.
This title was officially used by all Khans of the Mongol
Empire except for Chingis Khan.
Regents (Temporary rulers) during the election interludes |
| 1227-1229 |
Tolui
- Son of Chingis, Father of Kubilai and Mongke |
| 1241-1246 |
Toregene
Khatun - Wife of Ogedei, mother of Guyuk |
| 1248-1251 |
Oghul
Ghaymish |
| Emperors
of the Yuan Dynasty (1272-1368) |
|
| 1260-1294 |
Kublai Khan (Shizu)
1272-Kubilai
adopts the dynastic title of Yuan |
| 1294-1307 |
Temur Oljeytu Khan (Chengzong) |
| 1307-1311 |
Qayshan Guluk / Hai-Shan (Wuzong |
| 1311-1320 |
Ayurparibhadra / Ayurbarwada (Renzong) |
| 1320-1323 |
Suddhipala Gege'en / Shidebala
(Yingzong) |
| 1323-1328 |
Yesun Temur (Taidingdi) |
| 1328 |
Arigaba / Aragibag (Tianshundi) |
| 1328-1329 |
Jijaghatu Toq-Temür (Wenzong) |
| 1329 |
Qoshila / Qutuqtu (Mingzong) |
| 1329-1332 |
Jijaghatu Toq-Temür (Wenzong) |
| 1332-1333 |
Rinchenpal Irinchibal (Ningzong) |
| 1333-1368 |
Toghan-Temür (Shundi )
Mongol
Rule in China ends in 1368. Toghan-Temur dies in 1370
at Karakorum. His descendents hold power in Mongolia
until the death of Titulair Khan (Khakhan) in 1634 |
| Il-Khans
of the Il-Khanate of Persia (1260-1335) |
|
| 1256-1265 |
Hülegü (Grandson of Chingis, brother
of Kubilai)
1260-Political
establishment of the Il-Khanate |
| 1265-1282 |
Abaqa |
| 1282-1284 |
Ahmad Tegüder |
| 1284-1291 |
Arghûn |
| 1291-1295 |
Gaykhatu |
| 1295 |
Baydu |
| 1295-1304 |
Mahmûd Ghâzân |
| 1304-1316 |
Muhammad Khudâbanda Öljeytü |
| 1316-1335 |
Abû Sa'îd
There
were no successor after the death of Abu Said. The Il-Khan
suddenly collapsed and became various independent states.
The Ilkhanate shares the same irony with the original
Mongol Empire: Collapsing immediately after its Golden
Age. Persia was later reunited by Timer Lenk |
| Khans
of the Chagadai Khanate |
|
| 1227-1244 |
Chagadai (son of Chingis)
1272-Kubilai
adopts the dynastic title of Yuan |
| 1244-1246 |
Qara Hülegü |
| 1246-1251 |
Yesü Möngke |
| 1251-1252 |
Qara Hülegü (Second Rule) |
| 1260-1266 |
Orqina Khâtûn |
| 1266 |
Alughu |
| 1266-1271 |
Mubârak Shâh |
| 1271-1272 |
Baraq Ghiyâth ad-Dîn |
| 1272-1282 |
Negübey |
| 1282-1306 |
Toqa Temür |
| 1306-1308 |
Du'a |
| 1308-1309 |
Könchek |
| 1333-1368 |
Taliqu
|
| 1309 |
Kebek |
| 1309-1320 |
Esen Buqa |
| 1320-1326 |
Kebek |
| 1326 |
Eljigedey |
| 1326 |
Du'a Temür |
| 1326-1334 |
Tarmashîrîn 'Alâ' adDîn |
| 1334 |
Buzan |
| 1334-1338 |
Changshi |
| 1338-1342 |
Yesün Temür |
| 1342-1343 |
Muhammad |
| 1343-1346 |
Qazan |
| 1346-1358 |
Danishmendji |
| 1358 |
Buyan Quli |
| 1359 |
Shâh Temür |
| 1359-1363 |
Tughluq Temür
|
| 1363-1405 |
Tamerlane takes
control of the Chagadai Khanate.His death allows the
Chagadai rulers to retake control. The Chagadai Khanate
remains as a minor state until the eighteenth century,
when it was conquered by the Qing Empire. |
| Khans
of the Golden Horde (Kipchak Khanate) (1242-1359) |
|
| |
Jochi (Son of Chingis Khan), The
"Golden Clan" is adopted |
| 1242 - 1255 |
Batu Khan (Son of Jochi)
1242-Golden
Horde is politically established |
| 1256 - 1257 |
Sartak |
| 1257 |
Ulagchi |
| 1257 - 1267 |
Berke (brother of Batu) |
| 1267 - 1280 |
Mongke Temur |
| 1280 - 1287 |
Tode Mongke |
| 1287 - 1291 |
Tole Buqa |
| 1291 - 1313 |
Toqta |
| 1313 - 1341 |
Muhammad Özbeg |
| 1341 - 1342 |
Tonibek |
| 1342 - 1357 |
Janibek |
| 1357 - 1359 |
Berdibek
Died
without a successor. The Golden Horde dissolves into
various factions. |
| 1378 - 1395 |
Tokhtamish (of the
Blue Horde faction)
Unites
the factions and the White Horde in 1378 to revive the
Golden Horde. Defeated by Timur Lenk (Tamerlane) but
was never officially annexed into the Timurid Empire.
The death of Tamerlane in 1405 creates great political
instabilities. |
| 1395-1430s |
(15 Rulers)
In
1438, the Khanate of Kazan suceedes from the Golden
Horde. The Remaining Golden horde becomes known as the
Great Horde |
| Khans
of the Whiet Horde (?-1377) |
|
| 1226 - 1280 |
Orda
Very
little is Known about the White Horde, although we do
know that it existed between the Golden Horde and the
Yuan Empire, |
| 1280 - 1302 |
Kochu |
| 1302 - 1309 |
Buyan |
| 1309 - 1315 |
Sasibuqa |
| 1315 - 1320 |
Ilbasan |
| 1320 - 1344 |
Mubarak Khwaja |
| 1344 - 1374 |
Chimtay |
| 1374 - 1376 |
Urus |
| 1376 - 1377 |
Toqtaqiya |
| 1377 |
Temur Malik
White
Hordes united with Tokhtamish's Golden horde in 1378
by Tokhtamish |
| Khans
of the The Great Horde (1206-1294) |
|
| 1435 - 1465 |
Kuchuk Muhammad
-The
"Golden Horde" is the name used by the Golden
Horde after the Khanate of Kazan split away from it
in 1438.
-The Khanate of Astrakhan and the Khanate of Crimea
splits from the Golden Horde (Great Horde) |
| 1465 - 1481 |
Kochu
Ivan
III expells Mongols rule from Russia in 1480.
|
| 1481 - 1498 |
Buyan |
| 1481 - 1499 |
Sasibuqa |
| 1499 - 1502 |
Ilbasan
The
Great Horde is conquered by the Khanate of Crimea in
1502, genearlly considered to mark the end of the so
called "Golden Horde."The Khanate of Crimea
survives as the last Remnant of the Mongol Empire until
1783, when it was annexed by the Russians under Catherine
the Great |
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